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Spreadsheets do support data validation (see Data -> Validity).
You can also use conditional formatting to highlight any issues.
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Since another user mentioned cloud platform AWS:
You could try Google Cloud Spanner which is non-free and not open-source, but you could experiment with its distributed-computing capabilities. There are a few research papers about the technology, see Wikipedia Article. Perhaps some groups are re-implementing it according to the specs (just like it happened ...
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