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I am totally new to this whole programming stuff. So I started with simple websites by using Atom. But now I want to do something with Java for a Raspberry Pi project.
I already tried it in Atom but it doesn´t really work well.
So I need a Java development environment which runs on Windows 10 and doesn´t cost that much or even doesn´t cost anything.
Java is a set of specifications, for the language and for the JVM.
To do your programming, you need an implementation of those specs. That implementation is known as a Java Development Kit (JDK).
You have a choice of several vendors who provide binaries or installers for various host hardware and operating systems. Those vendors include, off the top of my head: Azul Systems, Amazon, Microsoft, Oracle, Adoptium (formerly AdoptOpenJDK), SAP, BellSoft, Red Hat/IBM, Pivotal, Ports and Packages for BSD, apt for Linux, and more. For a beginner just getting started, I would suggest Adoptium as a first stop in shopping.
Some JDK products are available free of cost. Some require a fee that usually includes a support plan. Be sure to understand the terms of any software product before downloading.
Nearly all of these vendors’ JDK products are based largely, if not entirely, on the codebase of the OpenJDK project, a group effort led by Oracle along with IBM, Apple, and others.
For more info, read Java Is Still Free.
Getting started, you can use most any text editor. And obtain a Java Development Kit (JDK) from any of several vendors.
Later versions of Java added the convenience of not having to explicitly compile. You can simply run a .java source file using java your-file-name-here.java, and the compiler (javac tool) will automatically be invoked, then your compiled .class is executed (java tool).
Later versions of Java add the read–eval–print loop (REPL) facility. You can type one line at a time, incrementally being compiled and executed as you go.
This tool is known as JShell. Bundled with Java 9 and later. Defined in JEP 222: jshell: The Java Shell (Read-Eval-Print Loop).
JShell is good for learning and experimenting, but not for building a serious app.
BlueJ is an open-source free-of-cost IDE designed for students learning Java. This tool eliminates much of the overwhelming complexity of the commercial IDEs discussed below.
The three main popular integrated development environment (IDE) products are:
All of these run on Microsoft Windows as well as macOS, Linux, etc.
All of these are:
I’ve delivered software using each of them. Each has their own fanbase. NetBeans was quite useful to me when I was starting out. Nowadays I use IntelliJ, Ultimate Edition. Some folks swear by Eclipse, though I found it clunky in a designed-by-committee sort of way. You can be successful with any one of these three.
A fourth option is JDeveloper by Oracle, free-of-cost but proprietary (closed-source). I have not tried it, nor have I spoken with anyone using it. So I have no opinion.
You’ve not given enough criteria to make a further recommendation.
By the way, most of the IDEs support projects driven by Apache Maven, Apache Ivy, or Gradle, besides their own project-definition-and-build technology. These tools provide build-automation and dependency-management services.
Maven is most common. Eventually, you will likely want to put some time into learning the basics of Maven and its POM files.
You can join udemy academy, there are lot of java best tutorials on-boarded.
You’ll find tutorials that can explain it much better.
