Program to take photos with webcam in Ubuntu

Question

I need a program for Ubuntu 14.04 that will allow me to take photos with a laptop's built-in webcam.

Required features:

• Preview the webcam on-screen before taking the photo.
• Must be available either in the Ubuntu Software Center or via apt-get without adding repositories.
• Save pictures in common image formats (jpg and png at a minimum).

Unwanted features:

• Image editing capabilities. I have more than enough software capable of doing image editing/processing, and this would likely only make the program unnecessarily larger than I need.
• Silent capture mode. I want to know that the webcam is being accessed while the program is running.

Answer 1

You're probably looking for Cheese (see also its Wikipedia page), which can be used to make photos or videos using your webcam. Once started, Cheese...

• constantly displays what the webcam "sees" (aka "preview")
• offers you a few buttons to select the mode (photo, video)
• saves pictures in standard formats (videos use .ogv Ogg Vorbis files)

Cheese is available via the standard Ubuntu repositories. Additional to your requirements, the software also features...

• sharing pictures
• configuring the resolution (if the webcam supports that)
• taking pictures in "burst mode" (i.e. "picture series")
• switch between multiple webcams (in case you have them)
• some effect overlays (sorry, I know you don't want those "extras" – but there they are; the screenshot to the right shows one in use)
• timer (countdown to take picture)

^{Cheese (source: Wikipedia, UbuntuUsers; click images for larger variants)}

Answer 2

You can do that with any video player that supports ffmpeg's libavdevice library, or video4linux directly, and have ability to take screenshots, in general. Or even ffmpeg's ffplay itself. Let's take a look at using awesome mpv for this.

First, you need to determine which device path corresponds to your webcam:

$ v4l2-ctl --list-devices
<...>
        /dev/video0

Remember this path. Second, play this input in video player:

$ mpv av://v4l2:/dev/video0

When you want to "take photo", just do screenshot (defaults to s in mpv). Done!

For more details about how to specify correct input URI, see docs, particularly section about av:// URIs. For other players see corresponding docs.

Note that such approach let's you involve full power of players: you can apply any desired filters, process, post-process output, record video instead of just taking "photos" - anything you can imagine!